Professor Nils Urbach
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On investments in data centers and digital sovereignty

13/11/2025

 
Google is investing billions in German data Centers – a strong signal for Germany as a business location. But what at first glance looks like a clear locational advantage could, on closer inspection, prove to be a double-edged sword for Europe's digital sovereignty.

On the one hand, such investments secure access to modern digital infrastructure, create jobs, and give the economy an important boost. They stand for progress and dynamism. So, first of all, it's great that Google is investing in Hesse!

On the other hand, with every new data center built by a US corporation, we are also relinquishing another piece of our digital independence. If Europe wants to be a creator rather than just a user in the digital world, we must specifically promote our own investments and strong European alternatives.

I had the opportunity to briefly comment on this topic in my interviews for hessenschau and SAT.1 news.
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Preview

5/11/2025

 
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Identifying artificial intelligence use cases

4/11/2025

 
While artificial intelligence (AI) technologies offer much potential for a wide range of AI uses in organizations, identifying use cases involves making many decisions amidst influencing complications. While nascent methods for identifying such AI use cases seem promising, we know very little about their proven efficacy to actually guide decisions during the use case identification process.

To investigate this efficacy, we conducted action design research at EnBW, one of Europe’s largest energy suppliers. We draw on interviews and an intervention at EnBW’s practices to develop a method, derive six design principles, and describe factors that increase our method’s efficacy. We therefore contribute a novel theoretical perspective on decision-making in contexts of organized anarchy, explaining how organizations can navigate the complexities of decisions in AI use case identification.

I am happy that our paper “Identifying Artificial Intelligence Use Cases: Toward a Method that Facilitates Garbage Can Innovation Processes” has been accepted for publication in Information & Management and is now available online (open access).
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Artitical intelligence and the job market

31/10/2025

 
I was interviewed by ZDF for the heute news program about the influence of artificial intelligence on the job market.

My key points in the interview were:
  • The current generation of artificial intelligence, especially generative AI, is leading to large-scale automation in the field of knowledge work for the first time.
  • Currently, repetitive routine tasks and tasks whose results are digital or digitizable are particularly amenable to automation.
  • Tasks that involve direct interaction with people, manual labor, and tasks directly related to AI are less affected.
  • AI is already enabling significant efficiency gains today, and this will continue to increase with further technological development.
  • This leads to productivity gains that do not necessarily result in job cuts, but are used to do so, especially in economically weaker times.
  • Currently, it can be observed that, against the backdrop of AI, fewer entry-level positions and assistant roles are being filled than in previous years.
  • Efficiency gains through AI can also help us counteract the current shortage of skilled workers against the backdrop of demographic change.

A (very short) excerpt from the (German) interview can be found here (from 3:28).
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Blockchain and climate action

31/10/2025

 
After several months of exciting interdisciplinary work, our TOSCA project (“Tokenizing Sustainability – Carbon Credits, Accountability, and ESG in Supply Chains”) within ZEVEDI – Centre for Responsible Digitality has culminated in a publication: Blockchain and Climate Action – Enhancing ESG and Carbon Markets through Financial Technology

The book explores how blockchain and tokenization can strengthen transparency, trust, and accountability in voluntary carbon markets, a field that’s becoming increasingly relevant as industries digitize their sustainability efforts. It brings together perspectives from law, economics, and information systems to show how digital infrastructures can support more credible ESG practices and sustainable value chains. I’m very grateful to all co-authors, partners, and the ZEVEDI community for this great collaboration, and proud that the book is open access for everyone interested in the topic.

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KrypToFi interview

31/10/2025

 
As part of the project “KrypToFi – Tokenization & Practical Knowledge for SMEs and Startups,” I was interviewed and asked questions. The conversation focused on the potential of tokenization and blockchain technologies for companies – far beyond the financial sector.

We talked about which specific areas of application are opening up in fields such as supply chain management and digital identity, what organizations should pay attention to in practical implementation, and what cultural changes the introduction of such technologies entails – especially in terms of leadership, trust, and governance.

AI literacy requirements according to Art. 4 AI Act

22/10/2025

 
With the adoption of Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 (the ‘AI Act’), European legislators have firstly created a binding legal framework for the risk-appropriate use of artificial intelligence (AI). In addition to technical and organizational requirements, Art. 4 of the Regulation contains an explicit obligation to ensure a sufficient level of AI literacy among those involved in the development, operation and use of AI systems. The obligation applies to providers and deployers of such systems and must be fulfilled “to their best extent”.

Our recently published whitepaper provides a systematic analysis and practical operationalization of the AI literacy requirements standardized by Article 4 AI Act. The aim is to provide guidance, particularly for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), on the structured implementation of the regulatory requirements. To this end, the legal basis is thoroughly examined and translated into an integrated competence model that distinguishes between individual (micro-) and organizational (macro-) dimensions.

The focus is on a two-stage process model for identifying and developing AI literacy: a bottom-up analysis of individual abilities is systematically combined with a top-down comparison of organizational requirements. In addition, a morphological box for classifying AI-relevant role profiles is introduced, which enables a structured assignment competence requirements and measures.

This work thus contributes to the normative, methodological and practical foundation of the obligation to ensure competence in the field of AI established by Article 4 AI Act. It is intended as a guide for corporate and public actors who not only want to meet regulatory requirements but also want to translate them into strategically sound competence development.

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How generative AI transforms human resources recruitment

8/10/2025

 
The global talent shortage has become a universal challenge, prompting practitioners and researchers to explore digital innovations as potential solutions for acquiring the right talents. However, the role of emerging technologies like generative artificial intelligence (AI) in human resources (HR) remains largely uncharted territory. 

Our recently accepted article investigates generative AI's transformative potential to augment recruiters' daily operations. Through a qualitative interview study, we derive and illuminate the opportunities of generative AI within the recruitment domain, shedding light on its promising opportunities but also addressing inherent challenges. The findings of this study propose a theoretical model of generative AI in recruitment and how it empowers recruiters in their daily tasks to recruit tomorrow's talents.

I am happy that our paper “Hiring Tomorrow’s Talents: How Generative Artificial Intelligence Transforms Human Resources Recruitment” has been accepted for presentation at the Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS) in January 2026.
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Challenges in decentralized social media

8/10/2025

 
Centralized social media (CSM) are criticized for issues such as data exploitation, content manipulation, and unilateral governance. In response, decentralized social media (DSM) platforms, such as federated and blockchain-based, have emerged, promising greater user autonomy, privacy, and participatory governance. However, the extent to which DSM address or merely reconfigure CSM’s problems remains unclear.

Our recently accepted study conducts a scoping literature review to analyze challenges across three dimensions: platform ownership, technical infrastructure, and user agency. Using qualitative coding, we synthesize critical issues and find that decentralization redistributes, rather than resolves, social media’s core challenges. While DSM reduce corporate dominance, they introduce new governance complexities, infrastructural barriers, and issues related to user agency such as extremism and misinformation. We conclude that DSM shift the locus of control and responsibility, requiring innovative governance to realize their potential.

I am happy that our paper “One Solution to Fix Them All: Does Decentralization Fix the Problems of Social Media?” has been accepted for presentation at the 46th International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS 2025) in Nashville, Tennessee.
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Evolution of organizational decision making under AI

8/10/2025

 
Although artificial intelligence (AI) is expected to significantly alter strategic decision making (DM) on an organizational level, only a few scientific articles examine the evolution of AI within the organizational DM (ODM) process. Most contributions lack empirical insights to allow predictions of the development of DM under the influence of AI or show outdated perspectives on the capabilities of AI in ODM. 

Our new paper addresses this gap by conducting a multi-vocal literature review (MLR) and a quantitative analysis of patents on AI-based decision support systems (DSS). Overall, the findings advance current research on AI in ODM by providing an overview of existing theoretical contributions and predicting a trend toward an increasing augmentation of human intelligence by AI throughout the ODM process. This enables managers to take strategic action and adapt organizational structures and managerial tasks based on our prediction of the future evolution of AI within the ODM process.

I am happy that our paper “The Evolution of the Organizational Decision Making Process: A Predictive Analysis of the Impact of Artificial Intelligence” has been accepted for presentation at the 46th International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS 2025) in Nashville, Tennessee.
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