Refereed Journal Articles
- Bachmann, N., Drasch, B., Schweizer, A. and Urbach, N. (2021) Tarzan and Chain: Exploring the ICO Jungle and Evaluating Design Archetypes, Electronic Markets, forthcoming.
- Oesterle, S., Buchwald, A. and Urbach, N. (2021) Investigating the Co-Creation of IT Consulting Service Value: Empirical Findings of a Matched Pair Analysis, Electronic Markets, forthcoming. (Link)
- Oesterle, S., Jöhnk, J., Keller, R., Urbach, N. and Yu, X. (2020) A Contingency Lens on Cloud Provider Management Processes, Business Research, 2020, 13, 1451-1489. (Link)
- Alt, R., Leimeister, J. M., Priemuth, T., Sachse, S., Urbach, N. and Wunderlich, N. (2020) Software-defined Business – Implications for IT Management, Business & Information Systems Engineering (BISE), 62, 6, 609-621. (Link)
- Schweizer, A., Knoll, P., Urbach, N., von der Gracht, H. and Hardjono, T. (2020) To what extent will blockchain drive the machine economy? Perspectives from a prospective study, IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 67, 4, 1169-1183. (Link)
- Lockl, J., Schlatt, V., Schweizer, A., Urbach, N. and Harth, N. (2020) Toward Trust in Internet of Things (IoT) Ecosystems: Design Principles for Blockchain-based IoT Applications, IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 67, 4, 1256-1270. (Link)
- Guggenberger, T., Schweizer, A. and Urbach, N. (2020) Improving Inter-Organizational Information Sharing for Vendor Managed Inventory: Towards a Decentralized Information Hub Using Blockchain Technology, IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 67, 4, 1074-1085. (Link)
- Hofmann, P., Samp, C. and Urbach, N. (2020) Robotic Process Automation, Electronic Markets, 30, 1, 99-106. (Link)
- Thakurta, R., Urbach, N. and Basu, A. (2020) Understanding Technology Transition: A Cross-cultural Study on the Transition from PCs to Tablet Computers, International Journal of Technology Management, 82, 3/4, 276-321. (Link)
- Rieger, A., Guggenmos, F., Lockl, J., Fridgen, G. and Urbach, N. (2019) Building a Blockchain Application that Complies with the EU General Data Protection Regulation, MIS Quarterly Executive (MISQE), 18, 4, 263-279. (Link)
- König, U., Röglinger, M. and Urbach, N. (2019) Industrie 4.0 in kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen – Welche Potenziale lassen sich mit smarten Geräten in der Produktion heben?, HMD – Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik, 56, 6, 1233–1249. (Link)
- Hofmann, P., Keller, R. and Urbach, N. (2019) Inter-technology Relationship Networks: Arranging Technologies through Text Mining, Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 143, June 2019, 202-213. (Link)
- Herbst, A., Vom Brocke, J. and Urbach, N. (2019) Evaluating the Individual and Organizational Impact of Enterprise Content Management Systems, Business Process Management Journal (BPMJ), 25, 7, 1413-1440. (Link)
- Urbach, N., Ahlemann, F., Böhmann, T., Drews, P., Brenner, W., Schaudel, F. and Schütte, R. (2019) The Impact of Digitalization on the IT Department, Business & Information Systems Engineering (BISE), 61, 1, 123-131. (Link)
- Urbach, N. (2019) Die Digitalisierung des Marketings – Wie innovative Technologien die Marktkommunikation verändern, transfer – Zeitschrift für Werbung, Kommunikation und Markenführung, 65, 2, 18-23. (Link) [Winner of transfer Best Paper Award 2019]
- Drasch, B., Schweizer, A. and Urbach, N. (2018) Integrating the Troublemakers: A Taxonomy for the Cooperation between Retail Banks and Fintechs, Journal of Economics and Business, 100, 26-42. (Link)
- Thakurta, R., Urbach, N. and Basu, A. (2018) Understanding Technology Transition at the Individual Level, Pacific Asia Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 10, 3, 25-59. (Link)
- Walther, S., Sedera, D., Urbach, N., Eymann, T., Otto, B. and Sarker, S. (2018) Should We Stay or Should We Go? Analyzing Continuance of Cloud Enterprise Systems, Journal of Information Technology Theory and Application (JITTA), 19, 2, 57-88. (Link)
- Mueller, B. and Urbach, N. (2017) Understanding the Why, What and How of Theories in IS Research, Communications of the Association for Information Systems (CAIS), 41, 17, 349-388. (Link)
- Legner, C., Eymann, T., Hess, T., Matt, C., Böhmann, T., Drews, P., Maedche, A., Urbach, N. and Ahlemann F. (2017) Digitalization: Opportunity and Challenge for the Business and Information Systems Engineering Community, Business & Information Systems Engineering (BISE), 59, 4, 301-308. (Link)
- Urbach, N., Drews, P. and Ross, J. (2017) Digital Business Transformation and the Changing Role of the IT Function, MIS Quarterly Executive, 16, 2, ii-iv. (Link)
- Urbach, N. and Ahlemann, F. (2017) Die IT-Organisation im Wandel: Implikationen der Digitalisierung für das IT-Management, HMD – Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik, 54, 3, 300-312. (Link)
- Legner, C., Urbach, N. and Nolte, C. (2016) Mobile Business Applications for Service and Maintenance Processes: Using Ex Post Evaluation by End-Users as Input for Iterative Design, Information and Management (I&M), 53, 6, 817-831. (Link)
- Von Entress-Fürsteneck, M., Urbach, N., Buck, C. and Eymann, T. (2016) IT-Konsumerisierung: Strategien und Maßnahmen in mittelständischen Unternehmen, HMD – Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik, 53, 2, 254-264. (Link)
- Kühn, C., Eymann, T., Urbach, N. and Schweizer, A. (2016) From Professionals to Entrepreneurs – HR Practices as an Enabler for Fostering Corporate Entrepreneurship in Professional Service Firms, German Journal of Human Resource Management, 30, 2, 125-154. (Link)
- Ebner, K., Mueller, B., Urbach, N., Riempp, G. and Krcmar, H. (2016) Assessing IT Management’s Performance: A Design Theory for Strategic IT Benchmarking Instruments, IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 63, 1, 113-126. (Link)
- Ebner, K., Urbach, N. and Müller, B. (2016) Exploring the Path to Success: A Review of the Strategic IT Benchmarking Literature, Information and Management (I&M), 53, 4, 447-466. (Link)
- Urbach, N. and Ahlemann, F. (2016) Der Wissensarbeitsplatz der Zukunft: Trends, Herausforderungen und Implikationen für das strategische IT-Management, HMD - Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik, 53, 1, 16-28. (Link)
- Köffer, S. and Urbach, N. (2016) Die Digitalisierung der Wissensarbeit – Handlungsempfehlungen aus der Wirtschaftsinformatik-Forschung, HMD - Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik, 53, 1, 5-15. (Link)
- Kahl, S., Urbach, N. and Würz, T. (2015) Erfolgreiches Management von IT-Outsourcing-Vorhaben – Erklärungsansätze und Handlungsfelder, Controlling – Zeitschrift für erfolgsorientierte Unternehmenssteuerung, 27, 12, 686-692. (Link)
- Buchwald, A., Urbach, N. and Ahlemann, F. (2014) Business Value through Controlled IT – Towards an Integrated Model of IT Governance Success and its Impact, Journal of Information Technology (JIT), 29, 2, 128-147. (Link)
- Buchwald, A. and Urbach, N. (2014) Implikationen von inoffiziellen Projekten für die IT-Governance, HMD - Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik, 51, 3, 319-329. (Link)
- Räth, P., Urbach, N., Smolnik, S. and Butler, B. (2012) Corporate Adoption of Social Computing: A Process-Based Analysis, Journal of Information Technology Case and Application Research (JITCAR), 14, 2, 3-27. (Link)
- Urbach, N. and Würz, T. (2012) How to Steer the IT Outsourcing Provider - Development and Validation of a Reference Framework of IT Outsourcing Steering Processes, Business & Information Systems Engineering (BISE), 4, 5, 247-259. (Link)
- Urbach, N. and Würz, T. (2012) Effektives Steuern von IT-Outsourcing-Dienstleistern - Entwicklung und Überprüfung eines Referenzmodells für Steuerungsprozesse im IT-Outsourcing, WIRTSCHAFTSINFORMATIK, 54, 5, 237-250. (Link)
- Urbach, N. and Würz, T. (2012) Ein integrierter Ansatz zur Steuerung von IT-Outsourcing-Vorhaben, HMD - Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik, 284, 34-42. (Link)
- Urbach, N., Smolnik, S. and Riempp, G. (2011) Determining the Improvement Potentials of Employee Portals Using a Performance-based Analysis, Business Process Management Journal (BPMJ), 17, 5, 829-845. (Link)
- Urbach, N. and Ahlemann, F. (2010) Structural Equation Modeling in Information Systems Research Using Partial Least Squares, Journal of Information Technology Theory and Application (JITTA), 11, 2, 5-40. (Link)
- Urbach, N., Smolnik, S. and Riempp, G. (2010). An Empirical Investigation of Employee Portal Success, The Journal of Strategic Information Systems (JSIS), 19, 3, 184–206. (Link)
- Urbach, N., Smolnik, S. and Riempp, G. (2009) Der Stand der Forschung zur Erfolgsmessung von Informationssystemen - Eine Analyse vorhandener mehrdimensionaler Ansätze, WIRTSCHAFTSINFORMATIK, 51, 4, 315-325. (Link)
- Urbach, N., Smolnik, S. and Riempp, G. (2009) The State of Research on Information Systems Success – A Review of Existing Multidimensional Approaches, Business & Information Systems Engineering (BISE), 1, 4, 363-375. (Link)
- Räth, P., Schwaab, J., Smolnik, S. and Urbach, N. (2009) Weblogs in der internen Zusammenarbeit der GTZ, HMD – Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik, 276, 27-36. (Link)
Refereed Conference Papers
- Arnold, L., Jöhnk, J., Urbach, N. and Vogt, F. (2021) A Taxonomy of Industrial IoT Platforms’ Architectural Features, Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Wirtschaftsinformatik (WI 2021), March 9-11, Essen, Germany. (Link)
- Amend, J., Kaiser, J., Uhlig, L., Urbach, N. and Völter, F. (2021) What Do We Really Need? A Systematic Literature Review of the Requirements for Blockchain-based E-Government Services, Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Wirtschaftsinformatik (WI 2021), March 9-11, Essen, Germany. (Link)
- Hofmann, P., Rückel, T. and Urbach, N. (2021) Innovating with Artificial Intelligence: Capturing the Constructive Functional Capabilities of Deep Generative Learning, Proceedings of the 54th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS-54), January 5-8, Koloa, Hawaii. (Link)
- Hofmann, P., Jöhnk, J., Protschky, D. and Urbach, N. (2020) Developing Purposeful AI Use Cases – A Structured Method and its Application in Project Management, Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Wirtschaftsinformatik (WI 2020), March 9-11, Potsdam, Germany. (Link)
- Hartmann, M., Jöhnk, J. and Urbach, N. (2020) All Roads Lead to Burning Rome: Towards a Conceptual Model of IT Project Success, Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Wirtschaftsinformatik (WI 2020), March 9-11, Potsdam, Germany. (Link)
- Hinsen, S., Jöhnk, J. and Urbach, N. (2019) Disentangling the Concept and Role of Continuous Change for IS Research – A Systematic Literature Review, Proceedings of the 40th International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS 2019), December 15-18, Munich, Germany. (Link)
- Regner, F., Schweizer, A. and Urbach, N. (2019) NFTs in Practice – Non-Fungible Tokens as Core Component of a Blockchain-based Event Ticketing Application, Proceedings of the 40th International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS 2019), December 15-18, Munich, Germany. (Link)
- Jöhnk, J., Oesterle, S., Winkler, T., Nørbjerg, J. and Urbach, N. (2019) Juggling the Paradoxes – Governance Mechanisms in Bimodal IT Organizations, Proceedings of the 27th European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS 2019), June 8-14, 2019, Stockholm, Sweden. (Link)
- Hofmann, P., Oesterle, S., Rust, P. and Urbach, N. (2019) Machine Learning Approaches along the Radiology Value Chain – Rethinking Value Propositions, Proceedings of the 27th European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS 2019), June 8-14, 2019, Stockholm, Sweden. (Link)
- Oesterle, S., Buchwald, A. and Urbach, N. (2019) Less Complex than Expected – What Really Drives IT Consulting Value, Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Wirtschaftsinformatik (WI 2019), February 24-27, 2019, Siegen, Germany. (Link)
- Gimpel, H., Nüske, N., Rückel, T., Urbach, N. and von Entress-Fürsteneck, M. (2019) Self-Tracking and Gamification: Analyzing the Interplay of Motivations, Usage and Motivation Fulfillment, Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Wirtschaftsinformatik (WI 2019), February 24-27, 2019, Siegen, Germany. (Link)
- Von Entress-Fürsteneck, M., Buchwald, A. and Urbach, N. (2019) Will I or will I not? Explaining the Willingness to Disclose Personal Self-Tracking Data to the Health Insurance Company, Proceedings of the 52nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS-52), January 8-11, Maui, Hawaii. (Link)
- Buchwald, A., Letner, A., Urbach, N. and von Entress-Fürsteneck, M. (2018) Insights into Personal ICT Use: Understanding Continuance and Discontinuance of Wearable Self-Tracking Devices, Proceedings of the 26th European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS 2018), June 23-28, Portsmouth, UK. (Link)
- Fridgen, G., Regner, F., Schweizer, A. and Urbach, N. (2018) Don't Slip on the ICO – A Taxonomy for a Blockchain-Enabled Form of Crowdfunding, Proceedings of the 26th European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS 2018), June 23-28, Portsmouth, UK. (Link)
- Fridgen, G., Lockl, J., Radszuwill, S., Rieger, A., Schweizer, A. and Urbach, N. (2018) A Solution in Search of a Problem: A Method for the Development of Blockchain Use Cases, Proceedings of the 24th Americas Conference on Information Systems (AMCIS 2018), August 16-18, New Orleans, LA. (Link)
- Fridgen, G., Guggenmos, F., Lockl, J., Rieger, A., Schweizer, A. and Urbach, N. (2018) An Evaluation Framework for Blockchain in the Public Sector: The Example of the German Asylum Process, Proceedings of the ERCIM-Blockchain 2018 Workshop, May 8-9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. (Link)
- Fridgen, G., Radszuwill, S., Urbach, N. and Utz, L. (2018) Cross-Organizational Workflow Management Using Blockchain Technology – Towards Applicability, Auditability, and Automation, Proceedings of the 51st Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS-51), January 3-6, Waikoloa, Big Island, Hawaii. (Link)
- Schweizer, A., Schlatt, V., Urbach, N. and Fridgen, G. (2017) Unchaining Social Businesses – Blockchain as Basic Technology of a Crowdfunding Platform, Proceedings of the 38th International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS 2017), December 10-13, Seoul, Korea. (Link)
- Jöhnk, J., Röglinger, M., Thimmel, M. and Urbach, N. (2017) How to Implement Agile IT Setups: A Taxonomy of Design Options, Proceedings of the 25th European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS 2017), June 5-10, Guimarães, Portugal. (Link) [Winner of the ECIS 2017 Best Research Paper Award]
- Buchwald, A., Letner, A., Urbach, N. and von Entress-Fürsteneck, M. (2017) Towards Explaining the Willingness to Share Personal Self-Tracking Data with Service Providers, Proceedings of the 25th European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS 2017), June 5-10, Guimarães, Portugal. (Link)
- Haase, M., Jöhnk, J., Lipowsky, S. and Urbach, N. (2017) Der Einfluss des Agilitätsgrads auf den Erfolg von Softwareentwicklungsprojekten unter Berücksichtigung der Unternehmenskultur, Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Wirtschaftsinformatik, February 12-15, 2017, St. Gallen, Switzerland. (Link)
- Urbach, N., Ahlemann, F., Böhmann T., Brenner, W., Martens, B. and Schott, T. (2017) Digital ist anders! Wie muss sich die Unternehmens-IT im Zeitalter der Digitalisierung aufstellen?, Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Wirtschaftsinformatik, February 12-15, 2017, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
- Oesterle, S., Buchwald, A. and Urbach, N. (2016) Understanding the Co-Creation of Value Emerging from the Collaboration between IT Consulting Firms and their Customers, Proceedings of 37th International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS 2016), December 11-14, Dublin, Ireland. (Link)
- Pfeiffer, J., von Entress-Fürsteneck, M., Urbach, N. and Buchwald, A. (2016) Quantify-Me: Consumer Acceptance of Digital Self-Tracking Devices, Proceedings of the 24th European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS 2016), June 12-15, Istanbul, Turkey. (Link)
- Buchwald, A., Letner, A., Urbach, N. and von Entress-Fürsteneck, M. (2015) Towards Explaining the Use of Self-Tracking Devices: Conceptual Development of a Continuance and Discontinuance Model, Proceedings of the 36th International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS 2015), December, 13-16, Fort Worth, Texas, USA. (Link)
- Buchwald, A., Urbach, N. and Mähring, M. (2015) Understanding Employee Engagement in Un-Official Projects – A Conceptual Model Based On Psychological Empowerment and Constructive Deviance, Proceedings of the 36th International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS 2015), December, 13-16, Fort Worth, Texas, USA. (Link)
- Schacht, S., Morana, S., Urbach, N. and Mädche, A. (2015) Are you a Maverick? Towards a Segmentation of Collaboration Technology Users, Proceedings of the 36th International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS 2015), December, 13-16, Fort Worth, Texas, USA. (Link)
- Walther, S., Sarker, S., Urbach, N., Sedera, D., Eymann, T. and Otto, B. (2015) Exploring Organizational Level Continuance of Cloud-Based Enterprise Systems, Proceedings of the 23rd European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS 2015), May 26-29, Münster, Germany. (Link)
- Dittes, S., Urbach, N., Ahlemann, F., Smolnik S. and Müller, T. (2015) Why don’t you stick to them? – Understanding factors influencing and counter-measures to combat deviant behavior towards organizational IT standards, Proceedings of the 12. Internationale Tagung Wirtschaftsinformatik (WI 2015), March 4-6, Osnabrück, Germany. (Link)
- Müller, T., Dittes, S., Ahlemann, F., Urbach, N. and Smolnik, S. (2015) Because Everybody is Different: Towards Understanding the Acceptance of Organizational IT Standards, Proceedings of the 48th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS-48), January 5-8, Kauai, Hawaii. (Link)
- Urbach, N., Ahlemann, F. and El Arbi, F. (2014) Towards a Design Theory for Customer Satisfaction-Oriented IT Vendor Management, Proceedings of the 20th Americas Conference on Information Systems (AMCIS 2014), August 7-10, Savannah, Georgia. (Link)
- Buchwald, A., Urbach, N. and Ahlemann, F. (2014) Understanding the Organizational Antecedents of Bottom-Up Un-Enacted Projects – Towards a Conceptual Model Based on Deviance Theory, Proceedings of the 22nd European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS 2014), June 9-11, Tel Aviv, Israel. (Link)
- Basu, A., Mermillod, M., Thakurta, R. and Urbach, N. (2014) Dynamics of Psycho-Social Process in Technology Transition, Proceedings of the International Conference on Education and Social Sciences (INTCESS14), February 3-5, Istanbul, Turkey. (Link)
- Herbst, A., Urbach, N. and vom Brocke, J. (2014) Shedding Light on the Impact Dimension of Information Systems Success: A Synthesis of the Literature, Proceedings of the 47th Hawaii International Conference on Systems Sciences (HICSS-47), January 6-9, Hilton Waikoloa, Big Island. (Link)
- Ebner, K., Bühnen, T. and Urbach, N. (2014) Think Big with Big Data: Identifying Suitable Big Data Strategies in Corporate Environments, Proceedings of the 47th Hawaii International Conference on Systems Sciences (HICSS-47), January 6-9, Hilton Waikoloa, Big Island. (Link)
- Müller, B. and Urbach, N. (2013) The Why, What and How of Theories in IS Research, Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS 2013), December 15-18, Milano, Italy. (Link) [Nominated for ICIS 2013 Best Paper Award]
- Urbach, N., Buchwald, A. and Ahlemann, F. (2013) Understanding IT Governance Success and its Impact: Results from an Interview Study, Proceedings of the 21st European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS 2013), June 5-8, Utrecht, The Netherlands. (Link)
- Buchwald, A. and Urbach, N. (2012) Exploring the Role of Un-Enacted Projects in IT Project Portfolio Management, Proceedings of the 33rd International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS 2012), December 16-19, Orlando, Florida, USA. (Link)
- Mohan, K. and Urbach, N. (2012) Do We Fully Understand the Critical Success Factors of Employee Portal Utilitarianism? - Uncovering and Accounting for Unobserved Heterogeneity, Proceedings of the 20th European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS 2012), June 10-13, Barcelona, Spain. (Link)
- Thakurta, R., Urbach, N. and Basu, A. (2012) Why Do People Switch to New Technologies? – Proposing a Conceptual Model to Explain Technology Transition, Ancillary Proceedings of the 20th European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS 2012), June 10-13, Barcelona, Spain. (Link)
- Ebner, K., Riempp, G., Müller, B., Urbach, N. and Krcmar, H. (2012) Making Strategic IT/IS Management Comparable: Designing an Instrument for Strategic IT/IS Benchmarking, Proceedings of the Multikonferenz Wirtschaftsinformatik (MKWI 2012), February 29 - March 2, Braunschweig, Germany. (Link)
- Urbach, N. and Würz, T. (2011) Designing a Reference Framework of IT/IS Outsourcing Steering Processes, Proceedings of the 19th European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS 2011), June 9-11, Helsinki, Finland. (Link)
- Mohan, K. and Urbach, N. (2011) Changing Systems to Match Their Users' Needs: Understanding the Realization of Utilitarian Value From Employee Portal Use, Proceedings of the 19th European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS 2011), June 9-11, Helsinki, Finland. (Link)
- Legner, C., Nolte, C. and Urbach, N. (2011) Evaluating Mobile Business Applications in Service and Maintenance Processes: Results of a Quantitative-empirical Study, Proceedings of the 19th European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS 2011), June 9-11, Helsinki, Finland. (Link)
- Richter, A., Smolnik, S., Urbach, N., Räth, P., Koch, M. and Back, A. (2010) Enterprise 2.0-Fallstudien – Aus Erfahrungen lernen, Proceedings of the Knowtech 2010, September 15-16, Bad Homburg, Germany. (Link)
- Urbach, N., Smolnik, S. and Riempp, G. (2010) Industry-Specificity of Employee Portal Success: A Multi-Group Comparison, Proceedings of the 16th Americas Conference on Information Systems (AMCIS 2010), August 12-15, Lima, Peru. (Link)
- Lux, J., Riempp, G. and Urbach, N. (2010) Understanding the Performance Impact of Enterprise Architecture Management, Proceedings of the 16th Americas Conference on Information Systems (AMCIS 2010), August 12-15, Lima, Peru. (Link)
- Räth, P., Urbach, N., Smolnik, S., Butler, B. and Königs, P. (2010) The Adoption of Web 2.0 in Corporations: A Process Perspective, Proceedings of the 16th Americas Conference on Information Systems (AMCIS 2010), August 12-15, Lima, Peru. (Link)
- Urbach, N., Smolnik, S. and Riempp, G. (2010) Improving the Success of Employee Portals: A Causal and Performance-based Analysis, Proceedings of the 18th European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS 2010), June 7-9, Pretoria, South Africa. (Link)
- Räth, P., Smolnik, S., Urbach, N. and Butler, B. (2009) Corporate Adoption of Web 2.0: Challenges, Success, and Impact, Proceedings of the SIM Workshop on Enterprise and Industry Applications of Web 2.0, December 15, Phoenix, Arizona. (Link)
- Urbach, N., Smolnik, S. and Riempp, G. (2009) Benchmarking von Mitarbeiterportalen: Erfolgsanalyse und Identifizierung von Handlungsbedarfen, in: Geteiltes Wissen ist doppeltes Wissen, M. Bentele, R. Hochreiter, H. Krcmar, P. Schütt and M. Weber (eds.). KnowTech 2009, Bad Homburg, Germany. (Link)
- Urbach, N., Smolnik, S. and Riempp, G. (2009) A Conceptual Model for Measuring the Effectiveness of Employee Portals, Proceedings of the 15th Americas Conference on Information Systems (AMCIS 2009), August 6-9, San Francisco, California, USA. (Link)
- Räth, P., Smolnik, S., Urbach, N. and Zimmer, C. (2009) Towards Assessing the Success of Social Software in Corporate Environments, Proceedings of the 15th Americas Conference on Information Systems (AMCIS 2009), August 6-9, San Francisco, California, USA. (Link)
- Urbach, N., Smolnik, S. and Riempp, G. (2009) Development and Validation of a Model for Assessing the Success of Employee Portals, Proceedings of the 17th European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS 2009), June 8-10, Verona, Italy. (Link)
- Urbach, N., Smolnik, S. and Riempp, G. (2008) A Methodological Examination of Empirical Research on Information Systems Success: 2003 to 2007, Proceedings of the 14th Americas Conference on Information Systems (AMCIS 2008), August 14-17, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. (Link)
Authored and Edited Books
- Urbach, N. (2020) Marketing im Zeitalter der Digitalisierung – Chancen und Herausforderungen durch digitale Innovationen, Springer, Heidelberg. (Link)
- Urbach, N. and Röglinger, M. (2018) Digitalization Cases – How Organizations Rethink their Business for the Digital Age (Editorial), Springer, Heidelberg. (Link)
- Urbach, N. and Ahlemann, F. (2018) IT Management in the Digital Age – A Roadmap for the IT Department of the Future, Springer, Heidelberg. (Link)
- Urbach, N. and Ahlemann, F. (2016) IT-Management im Zeitalter der Digitalisierung – Auf dem Weg zur IT-Organisation der Zukunft, Springer Gabler, Wiesbaden. (Link)
- Urbach, N. (2012) Analyzing Employee Portal Success: Methods, Results, and Implications, Südwestdeutscher Verlag für Hochschulschriften, Saarbrücken. (Link)
Book Chapters
- König, U., Röglinger, M. and Urbach, N. (2021) Industrie 4.0 in kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen – Lösungsansatz und Handlungsempfehlungen für die Integration smarter Geräte, in: IoT – Best Practices: Internet der Dinge, Geschäftsmodellinnovationen, IoT-Plattformen, IoT in Fertigung und Logistik, S. Meinhardt and F. Wortmann (eds.). Springer Vieweg, Wiesbaden: 141-157. (Link)
- Urbach, N., Bauer, J., Selmeir, J. and Brügmann, J. (2021) Kryptowährungen, in: IT-Recht: Recht, Wirtschaft und Technik der digitalen Transformation (4. Auflage), A. Leupold, A. Wiebe and S. Glossner (eds.), C.H.Beck, München: 1521-1547. (Link)
- Urbach, N. (2020) Auswirkung der Digitalisierung auf die IT in Unternehmen, in: Herausforderungen für Familienunternehmen, K. Windthorst (ed.). Nomos, Baden-Baden: 43-54. (Link)
- Urbach, N., Hofmann, P. and Protschky, D. (2019) KI – Eine Aufgabe für das ganze Unternehmen, CIO-Jahrbuch 2020: Prognosen zur Zukunft der IT, IDG Business Media, München: 60-63. (Link)
- Arnold, L., Brennecke, M., Camus, P., Fridgen, G., Guggenberger, T., Radszuwill, S., Rieger, A., Schweizer, A. and Urbach, N. (2018) Blockchain and Initial Coin Offerings: Blockchain’s Implications for Crowdfunding, in: Business Transformation through Blockchain - Volume 1, H. Treiblmaier and R. Beck (eds.). Palgrave Macmillan, Hampshire: 233-272. (Link)
- Urbach, N. and Röglinger, M. (2018) Introduction to Digitalization Cases – How Organizations Rethink their Business for the Digital Age, in: Digitalization Cases – How Organizations Rethink their Business for the Digital Age, N. Urbach and M. Röglinger (eds.). Springer, Heidelberg: 1-12. (Link)
- Oesterle, S., Buchwald, A. and Urbach, N. (2018) To Measure is to Know – Development of an Instrument for Measuring Consulting Service Value, in: Advances in Consulting Research, V. Nissen (ed.). Springer, Heidelberg: 79-101. (Link)
- Köffer, S. and Urbach, N. (2018) Die Digitalisierung der Wissensarbeit – Unternehmen im Spagat zwischen Innovation und Kontrolle, in: Arbeit 4.0 – Digitalisierung, IT und Arbeit, J. Hofmann (ed.). Springer, Heidelberg: 17-27. (Link)
- Urbach, N. and Ahlemann, F. (2018) Der Wissensarbeitsplatz der Zukunft: Trends, Herausforderungen und Handlungsempfehlungen, in: Arbeit 4.0 – Digitalisierung, IT und Arbeit, J. Hofmann (ed.). Springer, Heidelberg: 79-93. (Link)
- Von Entreß-Fürsteneck, M., Karl, J. and Urbach, N. (2017) Performance Measurement im Zeitalter der Digitalisierung: Eine Balanced Scorecard für die Industrie 4.0, in: Flexibilisierung der Fabrik im Kontext von Industrie 4.0, H. Winkler (ed.). Logos Verlag, Berlin: 107-132. (Link)
- Urbach N. (2017) Betriebswirtschaftliche Besonderheiten digitaler Güter, in: Geschäftsmodelle in der digitalen Welt, M. Schmidt-Kessel and M. Kramme (eds.). Jenaer Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft, Jena: 39-62. (Link)
- Röglinger, M. und Urbach, N. (2017) Digitale Geschäftsmodelle im Internet der Dinge, in: Geschäftsmodelle in der digitalen Welt, M. Schmidt-Kessel and M. Kramme (eds.). Jenaer Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft, Jena: 77-94. (Link)
- Gschwendtner, M., Kirchschlager H. and Urbach, N. (2016) IT-Organisationen im digitalen Wandel – Die IT der zwei Geschwindigkeiten erfolgreich implementieren, in: Digital Controlling & Simple Finance – Die Zukunft der Unternehmenssteuerung, P. Horváth and U. Michel (eds.). Schäffer-Poeschel Verlag, Stuttgart: 71-84. (Link)
- Jöhnk, J., Hofmann, P., Eymann, T. and Urbach, N. (2016) Sicheres IT-Sourcing: Technische Möglichkeiten und ökonomische Implikationen, in: Datenschutz in der betrieblichen Praxis, M. Möstl and H. A. Wolff (eds.). Jenaer Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft, Jena: 43-63. (Link)
- Buchwald, A. and Urbach, N. (2016) Implikationen von inoffiziellen Projekten für die IT-Governance, in: Business-IT-Alignment: Gemeinsam zum Unternehmenserfolg, S. Reinheimer and S. Robra-Bissantz (eds.). Springer, Heidelberg: 66-76.
- Koch, P., Ahlemann, F. and Urbach, N. (2016) Die innovative IT-Organisation in der digitalen Transformation: Von Plan-Build-Run zu Innovate-Design-Transform, in: Managementorientiertes IT-Controlling und IT-Governance (2. Aufl.), S. Helmke and M. Uebel (eds.). Springer, Berlin: 177-196. (Link)
- Urbach, N., Smolnik, S. and Riempp, G. (2014) Dokumentenlogistik als Enabler für Wissensmanagement, in: Dokumentenlogistik – Theorie und Praxis, S. Walter and G. Kaiser (eds.). Springer, Berlin: 71-88. (Link)
- Müller, B. and Urbach, N. (2012) Foreword, in: Measuring Organizational Information Systems Success: New Technologies and Practices, Z. Belkhamza and S.A. Wafa (eds.). IGI Global, Hershey, PA: xix-xxii. (Link)
- Urbach, N. and Müller, B. (2011) The Updated DeLone and McLean Model of Information Systems Success, in: Information Systems Theory: Explaining and Predicting Our Digital Society, Y. Dwivedi, M.R. Wade and S.L. Schneberger (eds.). Springer, New York: 1-18. (Link)
Articles in Non-Refereed Journals and Magazines
- Babel, M., Danninger, N., Ehresmann, A., Guggenberger, T., Urbach, N., Völter, F. and Wachter, M. (2020) Digitalisierung in der Justiz – Vertrauen in digitale Dokumente durch Blockchain-Technologie, Wirtschaftsinformatik & Management, 12, 6, 410-421. (Link)
- Möslein, F., Omlor, S. and Urbach, N. (2020) Grundfragen eines Blockchain-Kapitalgesellschaftsrechts, ZIP – Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftsrecht, 41, 44, 2149-2164. (Link)
- Guggenberger, T., Lockl, J., Schlatt, V. and Urbach, N. (2020) Damals wie heute? Ein Rückblick der Risiken und Potenziale der Blockchain-Technologie, it management, August/September, 2-4. (Link)
- Hofmann, P., Jöhnk, J., Protschky, D., Stähler, P., Urbach, N. and Buck, C. (2020) KI-Anwendungsfälle zielgerichtet identifizieren, Wirtschaftsinformatik & Management, 12, 3, 184–193. (Link)
- Urbach, N. and Jöhnk, J. (2020) KI, mein Freund und Helfer – Herausforderungen und Implikationen für die Mensch-KI-Interaktion, AVISO, 01/20, 16-19. (Link)
- Urbach, N. (2019) Vollständiger Paradigmenwechsel: Spezifika digitaler Güter und Geschäftsmodelle, unternehmermagazin, 3/4, 2019, 42-43. (Link)
- Fridgen, G., Munsi, K., Prinz, W., Richter, M. and Urbach, N. (2018) Die gute Kettenreaktion, ada, 2018, 1, 74-77. (Link)
- Urbach, N. (2018) Arbeit im Umbruch – Die Auswirkungen der Digitalisierung, modern office, June 2018, 12. (Link)
- Kahl, S., Urbach, N., Gschwendtner, M. and Zimmer, A. (2017) IT-Outsourcing im Zeitalter der Digitalisierung, Wirtschaftsinformatik & Management, 9, 6, 48-55. (Link)
- Fridgen, G., Radszuwill, S, Schweizer, A. and Urbach, N. (2017) Entwicklung disruptiver Innovationen mit Blockchain: Der Weg zum richtigen Anwendungsfall, Wirtschaftsinformatik & Management, 9, 5, 53-59. (Link)
- Röglinger, M., Urbach, N., Heinz, C., Borowski, D., Sachs, T., Trick, R. and Püschel, L. (2017) Modernisierung von ERP-Systemen – Chance für digitale Geschäftsprozesse im Mittelstand, ERP Management, 13, 3, 57-59. (Link)
- Urbach, N. (2017) IT-Governance im Zeitalter der Digitalisierung – Unternehmen im Spannungsfeld zwischen Flexibilität und Kontrolle, Spektrum Universität Bayreuth, 13, 1, 26-29. (Link)
- Buhl, H. U., Schweizer, A. and Urbach, N. (2017) Blockchain-Technologie als Schlüssel für die Zukunft?, Zeitschrift für das gesamte Kreditwesen, 2017, 12, 596-599. (Link)
- Fridgen, G., Sablowsky, B. and Urbach, N. (2017) Implementation of a Blockchain Workflow Management Prototype, ERCIM NEWS 110, Special Theme: Blockchain Engineering, July 2017, 19-20. (Link)
- Fridgen, G., Prinz, W., Rose, T. and Urbach, N. (2017) Blockchain Lab – Design, Implementation and Evaluation of Innovative Business and Process Models, ERCIM NEWS 110, Special Theme: Blockchain Engineering, July 2017, 36-37. (Link)
- Pagel, P., Urbach, N., and Ahlemann, F. (2017) "Natürlich hat die Transformation zum digitalen Unternehmen nicht nur positive Aspekte" (Interview), Wirtschaftsinformatik & Management, 2017, 1, 48-53. (Link)
- Ahlemann, F. and Urbach, N. (2017) Zehn Handlungsfelder für die digitale Transformation der IT, Computerwoche, 2017, 4-5, 32-35. (Link)
- Ahlemann, F. and Urbach, N. (2016) Zehn kontroverse Thesen zur IT-Organisation der Zukunft, Computerwoche, 2016, 38-39, 30-33. (Link)
- Hanisch, B., Spanuth, T. and Urbach, N. (2015) Steuerung von IT-Organisationen – IT-Erfolg durch ganzheitliches Management, Wirtschaftsinformatik & Management, 2015, 6, 62-70. (Link)
- Buck, C., Kessler, T. and Urbach, N. (2015) Die Vermessung des Selbst – Chancen und Risiken des Digitalen Self-Trackings, Spektrum Universität Bayreuth, 11, 2, 54-57. (Link)
- Buchwald, A., Urbach, N. and Würz, T. (2015) Outsourcing: Wie man seine Ziele erreicht, Computerworld 1/30, Januar 2015, 28-29. (Link)
- Dittes, S., Urbach, N. and Ahlemann, F. (2014) Standardisierung der Unternehmens-IT – Der weite Weg vom Lippenbekenntnis zu nachhaltigem Nutzen, Wirtschaftsinformatik & Management, 2014, 4, 30-39. (Link)
- Buchwald, A., Urbach, N. and Würz, T. (2014) IT-Outsourcing ist kein Selbstläufer, Wirtschaftsinformatik & Management, 2014, 3, 30-38. (Link)
- Vom Brocke, J., Herbst, A. and Urbach, N. (2014) How to Measure ECM Success, BPTrends, 06/2014. (Link)
- Urbach, N., Buchwald, A. and Gschwendtner, M. (2013) IT-Governance als ganzheitlicher Rahmen für die Steuerung der Unternehmens-IT, Wirtschaftsinformatik & Management, 2013, 3, 94-102. (Link)
- Vom Brocke, J., Herbst, A. and Urbach, N. (2013) Wie erfolgreich ist Ihr ECM-System?, ECMtoday, 08/2013. (Link)
- Urbach, N. and Würz, T. (2013) Provider managen: 6 Hebel für erfolgreiche Outsourcing-Steuerung, CIO, 06/2013. (Link)
- Urbach, N., Smolnik, S. and Riempp, G. (2012) Effektive Designentscheidungen durch Benchmarking von Informationssystemen, Wirtschaftsinformatik & Management, 2012, 2, 58-61. (Link)
- Urbach, N., Smolnik, S. and Riempp, G. (2010) Employee Portal Benchmark – Mitarbeiter wollen mehr Collaboration in ihren Portalen, Computerwoche, 03/2010. (Link)
White Papers & Other Publications
- Urbach, N., Albrecht, T., Guggenberger, T., Jöhnk, J., Arnold, L., Gebert, J., Jelito, D., Lämmermann, L. and Schweizer, A. (2020) The Advance of the Machines – Vision und Implikationen einer Machine Economy, Projektgruppe Wirtschaftsinformatik des Fraunhofer-Instituts für Angewandte Informationstechnik FIT. (Link)
- Danninger, N., Drasch, B., Ehresmann, A., Guggenberger, T., Rieger, A., Urbach, N., Völter, F. and Wachter, M. (2020) Das Blockchain-basierte Gültigkeitsregister – Eine Machbarkeitsstudie zur ersten Blockchain-Kooperation in der deutschen Justiz, Projektgruppe Wirtschaftsinformatik des Fraunhofer-Instituts für Angewandte Informationstechnik FIT. (Link)
- Fridgen, G., Guggenberger, N., Hoeren, T., Prinz, W., Urbach, N. et al. (2020) Opportunities and Challenges of DLT (Blockchain) in Mobility and Logistics, Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure. (Link)
- Urbach, N. and Völter, F. (2020) Grundlagen und Potenziale der Distributed Ledger Technology, LEGAL REVOLUTIONary 2020, 119-129. (Link)
- Gimpel, H., Berger, M., Regal, C., Urbach, N., Kreilos, M., Becker, J., Derra, N. (2020) Belastungsfaktoren der digitalen Arbeit – Eine beispielhafte Darstellung der Faktoren, die digitalen Stress hervorrufen, Projektgruppe Wirtschaftsinformatik des Fraunhofer FIT. (Link)
- Fridgen, G., Guggenmos, F., Lockl, J., Rieger, A., Urbach, N. and Wenninger, A. (2019) Entwicklung einer datenschutzkonformen Blockchain-Lösung im deutschen Asylprozess – Pilotierung im Kontext der AnkER-Einrichtung Dresden, Projektgruppe Wirtschaftsinformatik des Fraunhofer FIT. (Link)
- Alan, Y., Urbach, N., Hinsen, S., Jöhnk, J., Beisel, P., Weißert, M., Blumenthal, S. and Hofmann, P. (2019) Think beyond tomorrow: KI, mein Freund und Helfer – Herausforderungen und Implikationen für die Mensch-KI-Interaktion, Projektgruppe Wirtschaftsinformatik des Fraunhofer FIT & EY. (Link)
- Gimpel, H., Lanzl, J., Regal, C., Urbach, N., Wischniewski, S., Tegtmeier, P., Kreilos, M., Kühlmann, T., Becker, J., Eimecke, J. and Derra, N. (2019) Gesund digital arbeiten?! – Eine Studie zu digitalem Stress in Deutschland, PräDiTec: Prävention für sicheres und gesundes Arbeiten mit digitalen Technologien, Projektgruppe Wirtschaftsinformatik des Fraunhofer FIT. (Link)
- Bitzer, M., Kleylein-Feuerstein, J., König, U. M., Röglinger, M., Urbach, N. and Wenninger, A. (2019) Smart Devices erfolgreich in Produktionsprozesse integrieren, Fraunhofer-Institut für Angewandte Informationstechnik FIT. (Link)
- Fridgen, G., Guggenberger, N., Hoeren, T., Prinz, W., Urbach, N. et al. (2019) Chancen und Herausforderungen von DLT (Blockchain) in Mobilität und Logistik, Bundesministerium für Verkehr und digitale Infrastruktur. (Link)
- Fridgen, G., Guggenmos, F., Lockl, J., Rieger, A. and Urbach, N. (2019) Supporting communication and cooperation in the asylum procedure with Blockchain technology - A proof of concept by the Federal Office for Migration and Refugees, Project Group Business & Information Systems Engineering of the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Information Technology FIT. (Link)
- Fridgen, G., Guggenmos, F., Lockl, J., Rieger, A. and Urbach, N. (2018) Unterstützung der Kommunikation und Zusammenarbeit im Asylprozess mit Hilfe von Blockchain – Eine Machbarkeitsstudie des Bundesamts für Migration und Flüchtlinge, Projektgruppe Wirtschaftsinformatik des Fraunhofer-Instituts für Angewandte Informationstechnik FIT. (Link)
- Schütte, J., Fridgen, G., Prinz, W., Rose, T., Urbach, N., Hoeren, T., Guggenberger, N., Welzel, C., Schulte, A., Sprenger, P., Schwede, C., Weimert, B., Otto, B., Dalheimer, M., Wenzel, M., Kreutzer, M., Fritz, M., Leiner, U. and Nouak, A. (2017) Blockchain und Smart Contracts: Technologies, Research Issues and Applications, Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft. (Link)
- Urbach, N. (2018) Digitalisierung in Forschung, Praxis und Lehre, bdvb aktuell Nr. 139, 22-23. (Link)
- Urbach, N. (2018) Smart Contracts, in: Enzyklopädie der Wirtschaftsinformatik (10th ed.), N. Gronau, J. Becker, N. Kliewer, J.M. Leimeister, S. Overhage (eds.). GITO Verlag, Berlin. (Link)
- Schütte, J., Fridgen, G., Prinz, W., Rose, T., Urbach, N., Hoeren, T., Guggenberger, N., Welzel, C., Schulte, A., Sprenger, P., Schwede, C., Weimert, B., Otto, B., Dalheimer, M., Wenzel, M., Kreutzer, M., Fritz, M., Leiner, U. and Nouak, A. (2018) Blockchain und Smart Contracts: Technologien, Forschungsfragen und Anwendungen, Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft. (Link)
- Urbach, N. (2017) Agiles IT-Projektmanagement in: Enzyklopädie der Wirtschaftsinformatik (9th ed.), N. Gronau, J. Becker, E.J. Sinz, L. Suhl and J.M. Leimeister (eds.). GITO Verlag, Berlin. (Link)
- Urbach, N. (2017) Bimodale IT, in: Enzyklopädie der Wirtschaftsinformatik (9th ed.), N. Gronau, J. Becker, E.J. Sinz, L. Suhl and J.M. Leimeister (eds.). GITO Verlag, Berlin. (Link)
- Urbach, N. (2017) Blockchain, in: Enzyklopädie der Wirtschaftsinformatik (9th ed.), N. Gronau, J. Becker, E.J. Sinz, L. Suhl and J.M. Leimeister (eds.). GITO Verlag, Berlin. (Link)
- Urbach, N. (2017) Cloud Computing, in: Enzyklopädie der Wirtschaftsinformatik (9th ed.), N. Gronau, J. Becker, E.J. Sinz, L. Suhl and J.M. Leimeister (eds.). GITO Verlag, Berlin. (Link)
- Urbach, N. (2017) IT-Konsumerisierung, in: Enzyklopädie der Wirtschaftsinformatik (9th ed.), N. Gronau, J. Becker, E.J. Sinz, L. Suhl and J.M. Leimeister (eds.). GITO Verlag, Berlin. (Link)
- Schlatt, V., Schweizer, A., Urbach, N. and Fridgen, G. (2016) Blockchain: Grundlagen, Anwendungen und Potenziale, Projektgruppe Wirtschaftsinformatik des Fraunhofer-Instituts für Angewandte Informationstechnik FIT. (Link)
- Oesterle, S., Urbach, N., Danaher, M., van Haaren, E., Schulte, T. and Vuyyuru, P. (2016) Smart Data Transformation – Surfing the Big Wave, Study Report, Fraunhofer FIT and Infosys Consulting. (Link)
- Gschwendtner, M., Kirchschlager H. and Urbach, N. (2016) IT-Organisationen im digitalen Wandel – Die IT der multiplen Geschwindigkeiten erfolgreich implementieren, Horváth & Partners White Paper. (Link)
- Gschwendtner, M., Kirchschlager H. and Urbach, N. (2016) IT Organizations in the Digital Age – Implementing 2-speed IT successfully, Horváth & Partners White Paper. (Link)
- Urbach, N., Eymann, T., Fridgen, G. and Röglinger, M. (2015) Wirtschaftsinformatik an der Universität Bayreuth, PIK - Praxis der Informationsverarbeitung und Kommunikation, 38, 1-2, 89–93. (Link)
- Smolnik, S., Urbach, N. and Fjermestad, J. L. (2011) Information Systems Evaluation and Benchmarking for Business Performance Improvement, Special Issue of the Business Process Management Journal (BPMJ), Emerald Group Publishing, Bingley, UK. (Link)
- Buhl, H. U., Mertens, P., Schumann, M., Urbach, N., Smolnik, S., Riempp, G. (2010) Leserbrief: Stellungnahme zum Beitrag von Urbach et al. aus Heft 4/2009, WIRTSCHAFTSINFORMATIK, 52, 2, 109-114. (Link)
- Buhl, H. U., Mertens, P., Schumann, M., Urbach, N., Smolnik, S., Riempp, G. (2010): Letter to the Editor: Statements on the Contribution by Urbach et al. from Issue 4/2009, Business & Information Systems Engineering (BISE), 2, 2, 109-120. (Link)
- Urbach, N. and Müller, B. (2008) DeLone and McLean IS Success Model, in: Theories used in IS Research Wiki, S. Schneberger and M. Wade (eds.). (Link)