The tourism industry is facing increasing demand for personalized, 24/7 services while simultaneously grappling with a shortage of skilled workers, rising operational costs, and high customer expectations. Digital solutions, particularly in marketing and sales, play a crucial role in increasing online visibility, enhancing customer engagement, and leveraging recommender systems to personalize offerings and improve decision-making. Generative AI Chatbots have emerged as a promising solution to address these challenges by automating processes, enhancing efficiency, and improving customer communication. However, their successful implementation requires a holistic approach that balances technical feasibility, economic sustainability, legal compliance, and social acceptance. At the same time, the role of digitalization extends beyond customer-facing applications; it is becoming increasingly relevant for back-office processes, helping businesses optimize operations and improve overall efficiency in the tourism sector.

Our recently published whitepaper, based on qualitative research, examines the opportunities and challenges associated with integrating Generative AI Chatbots into tourism businesses. Fifteen expert interviews with professionals from tourism, AI development, law, and marketing were conducted and analyzed using systematic content analysis to identify key factors influencing chatbot adoption. The findings highlight the potential of generative AI to streamline operations, provide immediate customer support, and optimize cost structures. Chatbots can automate repetitive tasks, reducing employee workload while ensuring uninterrupted service availability. They also enhance customer interaction by offering personalized recommendations, guiding users through booking processes, and answering inquiries with contextual relevance.

Despite these advantages, several challenges hinder widespread adoption. Technical barriers include ensuring chatbot accuracy, managing real-time data integration, and preventing issues such as hallucinations or inconsistent responses, all of which require continuous monitoring and system updates. Economic constraints present another obstacle, as the high initial investment, ongoing maintenance costs, and unclear return on investment make companies hesitant to commit to chatbot implementation. Legal and compliance issues, such as adherence to AI regulations, GDPR requirements, and liability concerns, further complicate deployment. Additionally, social resistance remains a significant factor, with employees fearing job displacement and customers displaying reluctance to engage with AI-driven services due to skepticism about reliability and usability.

For Generative AI Chatbots to be successfully integrated into tourism businesses, a balanced and strategic approach is essential. Technological readiness must be ensured through high-quality training data, enhanced chatbot response accuracy, and seamless system integration. Organizational change management plays a crucial role in addressing employee concerns through training and transparent communication. Legal and ethical compliance must be prioritized by adhering to regulations, clearly labeling AI-generated content, and ensuring consumer protection. Furthermore, economic viability should be carefully assessed through a thorough cost-benefit analysis and scalable implementation strategies.

While the adoption of Generative AI Chatbots comes with challenges, it also holds substantial potential to improve service efficiency, lower operational costs, and enhance customer experience. By proactively tackling technical, economic, legal, and social obstacles, businesses can fully leverage AI-driven chatbots and strengthen their competitive edge in the rapidly evolving tourism industry.

Current approaches to managing digital identities struggle to meet the demands of ongoing digital transformation. They either create fragmented identities tied to specific online services, making it difficult for users to manage, or they raise concerns about being locked into corporate identity providers and data protection issues. Additionally, they provide limited support for machine-verifiable identity attributes. This reliance on third parties for managing machine identities can put companies at a market disadvantage. Therefore, there is a pressing need for a unified identity management solution that allows for the portable and interoperable use of verifiable identity data across services.

The recently announced European Digital Identity Wallet marks a significant step forward in digital identity management. This initiative aims to provide EU citizens with a unified, secure, and convenient way to access both public and private online services, thereby enhancing the efficiency and security of digital interactions and prioritizing user needs. Self-sovereign identity (SSI) forms the basis for such a wallet-based identity ecosystem that supports electronic market growth. However, as a relatively new concept, SSI still lacks a unified theoretical analysis and a thorough exploration of its value propositions for digital ecosystems and networked businesses.

I am happy that our fundamentals paper “Self-Sovereign Identity and Digital Wallets" has been accepted for publication in Electronic Markets and is now available online (Open Access): https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12525-025-00772-0